The Vatican City is the world's smallest independent state in the world. Within its borders are St. Peter's Church, St. Peter's Square, the Vatican Gardens, and the Vatican Museums. With a land area of only 44 hectares (109 acres), it accommodates merely 800 residents. The Vatican City has its own laws, regulations and statutes which include independent train station, post office, newspaper, embassies, coins and so on.
St Peter s church
St. Peter's Church, built upon the apostle St. Peter's tomb, commemorates his crucifixion during Nero's persecutions. Initially commissioned by Emperor Constantine, the first church was demolished during the Renaissance's passage. A 120-year reconstruction ensued, crowned by Michelangelo's dome, inspired by the Pantheon but slightly smaller.
St. Peter's Church attracts countless pilgrims, particularly during jubilee years occurring every 25 years. During these significant times, the holy door is open, inviting individuals to pass through and seek the absolution of their sins.
St Peter's square
St. Peter's Square stands as a baroque masterpiece, designed by Bernini, with its renowned colonnade forming an embracing pair of arms. This composition symbolizes the church's warm embrace and welcome to all pilgrims visiting St Peter s tomb.
At the heart of the square stands an ancient Egyptian obelisk, a relic of over 3000 years, transported in a single granite block by the Romans using big ships.
Within this historic square, a significant ritual unfolds weekly. Each Wednesday, the Pope engages in an audience, while every Sunday, he emerges onto a balcony to bestow his blessings upon the faithful gathered below.
